The Tigray War was an armed conflict fought from 3 November 2020 to 3 November 2022, primarily in Ethiopia’s Tigray Region. It pitted forces allied with Ethiopia’s federal government and Eritrea against the Tigray People’s Liberation Front (TPLF).

The war followed years of rising tensions. Fighting began after TPLF forces attacked Ethiopian military bases in Tigray. Federal and Eritrean forces advanced into the region, and control of its capital, Mekelle, changed during the conflict.

A 2022 peace agreement ended the war. Estimates of deaths vary, and casualty figures are uncertain. The conflict’s toll included deaths from violence as well as famine and limited access to healthcare. The renewed fighting described in recent news reports is separate from the 2020–2022 war.